Urinary albumin excretion in a population based sample of 1011 middle aged non-diabetic subjects

Increased urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) especially in the range of 20-200 μg min^-1, termed microalbuminuria, has been proposed as a risk marker and predictor for cardiovascular disease in non-diabetic subjects. Thus it would be of importance to describe the distribution of UAER in the non-diabetic population. Among 1011 30-70-year-old subjects without diabetes mellitus or urinary tract infection, who were invited to participate in a population based epidemiological study, the albumin concentration was measured in an overnight urine sample. The measurement was performed by an ELISA method. The UAER was calculated in units of μgmin^-1 as urinary albumin concentration × urine volume/urine collection time. The distribution of UAER was positively skewed with a median value of 2.3μgmin^-1 and a 5-95 inter-percentile range of 0-11.0μgmin^-1. The UAER held constant with age, but males had higher UAER than females, 2.6 (0-13.5)μgmin^-1 vs 2.2 (0-8.3)μgmin^-1; p < 0.005. The prevalence of microalbuminuria, defined as an UAER in the range of 15-150μgmin^-1 in an overnight urine sample, was 3% (95% C.I. interval: 1.9-4.0). These findings suggest, that the level of UAER which might notify increased cardiovascular risk, is lower than in patients with diabetes mellitus, if it is considered to be of any clinical relevance.