TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors and prognosis of seizures in adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis in Denmark
T2 - observational cohort studies
AU - Danish Study Group of Infections of the Brain (DASGIB)
AU - Larsen, Fredrikke Tove Birgitta Dam
AU - Brandt, Christian Thomas
AU - Larsen, Lykke
AU - Klastrup, Vibeke
AU - Wiese, Lothar
AU - Helweg-Larsen, Jannik
AU - Ribber, Mette
AU - Hansen, Birgitte Rønde
AU - Østergaard Andersen, Christian
AU - Nielsen, Henrik
AU - Bodilsen, Jacob
N1 - � Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: To examine predefined risk factors and outcome of seizures in community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM).DESIGN: Observational cohort studies SETTING: Denmark PARTICIPANTS: In the derivation cohort, we retrospectively included all adults (>15 years of age) with CABM in North Denmark Region from 1998 to 2014 and at Hvidovre and Hillerød hospitals from 2003 to 2014. In the validation cohort, we prospectively included all adults (>18 years of age) with CABM treated at all departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2017.PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: In the derivation cohort, we used modified Poisson regression to compute adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals for predefined risk factors for seizures during CABM as well as for risks of death and unfavourable outcome assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale score (1-4). Next, results were validated in the validation cohort.RESULTS: In the derivation cohort (n=358), risk factors for seizures at any time were pneumococcal aetiology (RR 1.69, 1.01-2.83) and abnormal cranial imaging (RR 2.27, 1.46-3.53), while the impact of age >65 years and immunocompromise was more uncertain. Examining seizures occurring after admission, risk factors were abnormal cranial imaging (RR 2.23, 1.40-3.54) and immunocompromise (RR 1.59, 1.01-2.50). Seizures at any time were associated with increased risks of in-hospital mortality (RR 1.45, 1.01-2.09) and unfavourable outcome at discharge (RR 1.27, 1.02-1.60). In the validation cohort (n=379), pneumococcal aetiology (RR 1.69, 1.10-2.59) and abnormal cranial imaging (RR 1.68, 1.09-2.59) were confirmed as risk factors for seizures at any time. For seizures occurring after admission, only pneumococcal meningitis (RR 1.92, 1.12-3.29) remained significant. Seizures at any time were also associated with in-hospital mortality (RR 3.26, 1.83-5.80) and unfavourable outcome (RR 1.23, 1.00-1.52) in this cohort.CONCLUSIONS: Pneumococcal aetiology, immunocompromise and abnormal cranial imaging were risk factors for seizures in CABM. Seizures were strongly associated with mortality and unfavourable outcome.
AB - OBJECTIVE: To examine predefined risk factors and outcome of seizures in community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM).DESIGN: Observational cohort studies SETTING: Denmark PARTICIPANTS: In the derivation cohort, we retrospectively included all adults (>15 years of age) with CABM in North Denmark Region from 1998 to 2014 and at Hvidovre and Hillerød hospitals from 2003 to 2014. In the validation cohort, we prospectively included all adults (>18 years of age) with CABM treated at all departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2017.PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: In the derivation cohort, we used modified Poisson regression to compute adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals for predefined risk factors for seizures during CABM as well as for risks of death and unfavourable outcome assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale score (1-4). Next, results were validated in the validation cohort.RESULTS: In the derivation cohort (n=358), risk factors for seizures at any time were pneumococcal aetiology (RR 1.69, 1.01-2.83) and abnormal cranial imaging (RR 2.27, 1.46-3.53), while the impact of age >65 years and immunocompromise was more uncertain. Examining seizures occurring after admission, risk factors were abnormal cranial imaging (RR 2.23, 1.40-3.54) and immunocompromise (RR 1.59, 1.01-2.50). Seizures at any time were associated with increased risks of in-hospital mortality (RR 1.45, 1.01-2.09) and unfavourable outcome at discharge (RR 1.27, 1.02-1.60). In the validation cohort (n=379), pneumococcal aetiology (RR 1.69, 1.10-2.59) and abnormal cranial imaging (RR 1.68, 1.09-2.59) were confirmed as risk factors for seizures at any time. For seizures occurring after admission, only pneumococcal meningitis (RR 1.92, 1.12-3.29) remained significant. Seizures at any time were also associated with in-hospital mortality (RR 3.26, 1.83-5.80) and unfavourable outcome (RR 1.23, 1.00-1.52) in this cohort.CONCLUSIONS: Pneumococcal aetiology, immunocompromise and abnormal cranial imaging were risk factors for seizures in CABM. Seizures were strongly associated with mortality and unfavourable outcome.
KW - Adult
KW - Community-Acquired Infections/complications
KW - Denmark/epidemiology
KW - Female
KW - Hospital Mortality
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - Male
KW - Meningitis, Bacterial/complications
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Regression Analysis
KW - Retrospective Studies
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Seizures/etiology
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030263
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030263
M3 - Article
C2 - 31266843
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 9
SP - e030263
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 7
ER -