Results of the randomized danish lung cancer screening trial with focus on high-risk profiling

Mathilde M.W. Wille*, Asger Dirksen, Haseem Ashraf, Zaigham Saghir, Karen S. Bach, John Brodersen, Paul F. Clementsen, Hanne Hansen, Klaus R. Larsen, Jann Mortensen, Jakob F. Rasmussen, Niels Seersholm, Birgit G. Skov, Laura H. Thomsen, Philip Tønnesen, Jesper H. Pedersen

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

    Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftArtikelForskningpeer review

    Abstract

    Rationale: As of April 2015, participants in the Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial had been followed for at least 5 years since their last screening. Objectives: Mortality, causes of death, and lung cancer findings are reported to explore the effect of computed tomography (CT) screening. Methods: A total of 4,104 participants aged 50-70 years at the time of inclusion and with a minimum 20 pack-years of smoking were randomized to have five annual low-dose CT scans (study group) or no screening (control group). Measurements and Main Results: Follow-up information regarding date and cause of death, lung cancer diagnosis, cancer stage, and histology was obtained from national registries. No differences between the two groups in lung cancer mortality (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-1.6; P = 0.888) or all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-1.27; P = 0.867) were observed. More cancers were found in the screening group than in the no-screening group (100 vs. 53, respectively; P,0.001), particularly adenocarcinomas (58 vs. 18, respectively; P,0.001). More early-stage cancers (stages I and II, 54 vs. 10, respectively; P, 0.001) and stage IIIa cancers (15 vs. 3, respectively; P = 0.009) were found in the screening group than in the control group. Stage IV cancers were nonsignificantly more frequent in the control group than in the screening group (32 vs. 23, respectively; P = 0.278). For the highest-stage cancers (T4N3M1, 21 vs. 8, respectively; P = 0.025), this difference was statistically significant, indicating an absolute stage shift. Older participants, those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and those with more than 35 pack-years of smoking had a significantly increased risk of death due to lung cancer, with nonsignificantly fewer deaths in the screening group. Conclusions: No statistically significant effects of CT screening on lung cancer mortality were found, but the results of post hoc high-risk subgroup analyses showed nonsignificant trends that seem to be in good agreement with the results of the National Lung Screening Trial.

    OriginalsprogEngelsk
    Sider (fra-til)542-551
    Antal sider10
    TidsskriftAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
    Vol/bind193
    Udgave nummer5
    DOI
    StatusUdgivet - 1 mar. 2016

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