Physical activity targeting patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital- a mixed method feasibility study

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) shows positive effects on mental illness. PA and the use of municipal rehabilitation after discharge from psychiatric hospitalisation are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention consisting of structured PA during hospitalisation and the use of a personalised physical activity plan and referral for municipal rehabilitation after discharge.

METHODS: A mixed-method design was used to explore the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Changes in health-related quality of life and physical function were measured using a six-minute walk test, a 30-second sit-to-stand test, handgrip strength, and patient reported outcomes (SF-36 and the Patient Specific Functional Scale [PSFS]). Qualitative results were further explored through semi-structured telephone interviews with twelve participants three weeks after discharge.

RESULTS: Twenty-six participants completed the intervention (median age: 46 years old; female: 57.7%). Improvements were seen in the PSFS. For SF-36, overall improvements were observed in the subscales physical function, well-being, and social function. Participants adhered to 61.5% of the scheduled physical activity sessions, 88% received a personalised physical activity plan, and 57% received municipal rehabilitation. The clinical provider played an important role in terms of motivation, structure, and knowledge about physical activity.

CONCLUSION: Physical activity during hospitalisation, a personalised physical activity plan, and municipal rehabilitation was feasible for persons with mental illness. Positive changes were observed in the following self-reported outcomes: Quality of life, physical function, and social function, and participants reported moderate to good acceptance of the intervention.