Outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials for mixed and non-IgE-mediated food allergy: Systematic review

Core Outcome Measures for Food Allergy (COMFA) consortium, Manal Bel Imam, Charalampos-Vlasios Stikas, Payal Guha, Bo L. Chawes, Derek Chu, Matthew Greenhawt, Ekaterina Khaleva, Daniel Munblit, Nikita Nekliudov, Willem van de Veen, Ann-Marie M Schoos*

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftReviewForskningpeer review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mixed and non-IgE-mediated food allergy is a subset of immune-mediated adverse food reactions that can impose a major burden on the quality of life of affected patients and their families. Clinical trials to study these diseases are reliant upon consistent and valid outcome measures that are relevant to both patients and clinicians, but the degree to which such stringent outcome reporting takes place is poorly studied.

OBJECTIVE: As part of the Core Outcome Measures for Food Allergy (COMFA) project, we identified outcomes reported in randomized clinical trials (RCT) of treatments for mixed or non-IgE-mediated food allergy.

DESIGN: In this systematic review, we searched the Ovid, MEDLINE and Embase databases for RCTs in children or adults investigating treatments for food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis, food protein-induced enteropathy and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders including eosinophilic esophagitis [EoE], eosinophilic gastritis and eosinophilic colitis published until 14 October 2022.

RESULTS: Twenty-six eligible studies were identified, with 23 focused on EoE (88%). Most interventions were corticosteroids or monoclonal antibodies. All EoE studies assessed patient-reported dysphagia, usually using a non-validated questionnaire. Twenty-two of 23 EoE studies used peak tissue eosinophil count as the primary outcome, usually using a non-validated assessment method, and other immunological markers were only exploratory. Thirteen (57%) EoE studies reported endoscopic outcomes of which six used a validated scoring tool recently recommended as a core outcome for EoE trials. Funding source was not obviously associated with likelihood of an RCT reporting mechanistic versus patient-reported outcomes. Only 3 (12%) RCTs concerned forms of food allergy other than EoE, and they reported on fecal immunological markers and patient-reported outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes measured in clinical trials of EoE and non-IgE-mediated food allergy are heterogeneous and largely non-validated. Core outcomes for EoE have been developed and need to be used in future trials. For other forms of mixed or non-IgE-mediated food allergies, core outcome development is needed to support the development of effective treatments.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: OSF public registry DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/AZX8S.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Sider (fra-til)526-535
Antal sider10
TidsskriftClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Vol/bind53
Udgave nummer5
Tidlig onlinedato7 mar. 2023
DOI
StatusUdgivet - maj 2023

Bibliografisk note

© 2023 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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