TY - CHAP
T1 - Lactase Persistence, Milk Intake, Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes
AU - Bergholdt, Helle Kirstine Mørup
AU - Varbo, Anette
AU - Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne
AU - Ellervik, Christina
PY - 2017/1/1
Y1 - 2017/1/1
N2 - Previous meta-analyses have shown a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes in individuals consuming dairy products vs. those who do not. We investigated the association between lactase persistence, milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes in three general population studies of approximately 100,000 adult Danes. We used the genetic variant LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235) as proxy/surrogate for long-term milk intake in Mendelian randomization studies to assess indirectly whether there may be a causal association between milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes. The genetic variant LCT-13910 C/T is associated with downregulation of the lactase enzyme activity in adults of European descent, referred to as lactase non-persistence (genotype CC) and lactase persistence (genotypes TC and TT), and affects the ability of adults to digest the lactose in milk.We found no association between milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease or type 2 diabetes in the observational studies. We found a higher intake of milk among lactase persistent participants (. TC/TT) than among lactase non-persistent (. CC). We discuss the results from a Mendelian randomization perspective.
AB - Previous meta-analyses have shown a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes in individuals consuming dairy products vs. those who do not. We investigated the association between lactase persistence, milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes in three general population studies of approximately 100,000 adult Danes. We used the genetic variant LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235) as proxy/surrogate for long-term milk intake in Mendelian randomization studies to assess indirectly whether there may be a causal association between milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes. The genetic variant LCT-13910 C/T is associated with downregulation of the lactase enzyme activity in adults of European descent, referred to as lactase non-persistence (genotype CC) and lactase persistence (genotypes TC and TT), and affects the ability of adults to digest the lactose in milk.We found no association between milk intake and risk of ischemic heart disease or type 2 diabetes in the observational studies. We found a higher intake of milk among lactase persistent participants (. TC/TT) than among lactase non-persistent (. CC). We discuss the results from a Mendelian randomization perspective.
KW - Cardio-metabolic risk factors
KW - Ischemic heart disease
KW - Lactase persistence
KW - Mendelian randomization
KW - Myocardial infarction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85032148545&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809868-4.00031-5
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-809868-4.00031-5
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85032148545
SN - 9780128098684
SP - 395
EP - 409
BT - Dairy in Human Health and Disease across the Lifespan
PB - Elsevier
ER -