TY - JOUR
T1 - Identifying Biomarkers for Remyelination and Recovery in Multiple Sclerosis
T2 - A Measure of Progress
AU - Ricigliano, Vito A G
AU - Marenna, Silvia
AU - Borrelli, Serena
AU - Camera, Valentina
AU - Carnero Contentti, Edgar
AU - Szejko, Natalia
AU - Bakirtzis, Christos
AU - Gluscevic, Sanja
AU - Samadzadeh, Sara
AU - Hartung, Hans-Peter
AU - Selmaj, Krzysztof
AU - Stankoff, Bruno
AU - Comi, Giancarlo
PY - 2025/2/4
Y1 - 2025/2/4
N2 - Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology is characterized by acute and chronic inflammation, demyelination, axonal injury, and neurodegeneration. After decades of research into MS-related degeneration, recent efforts have shifted toward recovery and the prevention of further damage. A key area of focus is the remyelination process, where researchers are studying the effects of pharmacotherapy on myelin repair mechanisms. Multiple compounds are being tested for their potential to foster remyelination in different clinical settings through the application of less or more complex techniques to assess their efficacy. Objective: To review current methods and biomarkers to track myelin regeneration and recovery over time in people with MS (PwMS), with potential implications for promyelinating drug testing. Methods: Narrative review, based on a selection of PubMed articles discussing techniques to measure in vivo myelin repair and functional recovery in PwMS. Results: Non-invasive tools, such as structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), are being implemented to track myelin repair, while other techniques like evoked potentials, functional MRI, and digital markers allow the assessment of functional recovery. These methods, alone or in combination, have been employed to obtain precise biomarkers of remyelination and recovery in various clinical trials on MS. Conclusions: Combining different techniques to identify myelin restoration in MS could yield novel biomarkers, enhancing the accuracy of clinical trial outcomes for remyelinating therapies in PwMS.
AB - Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology is characterized by acute and chronic inflammation, demyelination, axonal injury, and neurodegeneration. After decades of research into MS-related degeneration, recent efforts have shifted toward recovery and the prevention of further damage. A key area of focus is the remyelination process, where researchers are studying the effects of pharmacotherapy on myelin repair mechanisms. Multiple compounds are being tested for their potential to foster remyelination in different clinical settings through the application of less or more complex techniques to assess their efficacy. Objective: To review current methods and biomarkers to track myelin regeneration and recovery over time in people with MS (PwMS), with potential implications for promyelinating drug testing. Methods: Narrative review, based on a selection of PubMed articles discussing techniques to measure in vivo myelin repair and functional recovery in PwMS. Results: Non-invasive tools, such as structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), are being implemented to track myelin repair, while other techniques like evoked potentials, functional MRI, and digital markers allow the assessment of functional recovery. These methods, alone or in combination, have been employed to obtain precise biomarkers of remyelination and recovery in various clinical trials on MS. Conclusions: Combining different techniques to identify myelin restoration in MS could yield novel biomarkers, enhancing the accuracy of clinical trial outcomes for remyelinating therapies in PwMS.
U2 - 10.3390/biomedicines13020357
DO - 10.3390/biomedicines13020357
M3 - Review
C2 - 40002770
SN - 2227-9059
VL - 13
JO - Biomedicines
JF - Biomedicines
IS - 2
M1 - 357
ER -